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Victorian - Romantic Paper Lace Valentines

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Oh, if I fail your heart to move, And 'tis not yours to give, I cannot, will not, cease to love, But I will cease to live.

3 7/8" x 5 5/8" (5 5/8" x 7 1/4" opened)
circa late 1850s, 1860s

message can be read to reference suicide
single fold with paper lace featuring an Angel at center
orange paper wafer behind center motif

decorated with scraps
'25' red stamp on the back (w/rest of stamp running off the top edge
Likely a Whitney or perhaps even a Howland

These are red roses gathered at thy cheek, The white are all too happy to look white, For love, the rose, for faith, the lily speaks, It withers in false hands, but here 'tis bright.

3 3/4" x 5 1/4" (5 1/4" x 7 3/4" opened)
circa late 1890s, early 1900s
single fold with paper lace
2 layers atop the face of the card attached with paper accordion hinges




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See Also:







Victorian - Romantic Embossed Paper Valentines

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 Time Cannot Change Me.

2 5/8" x 3 3/4" (3 3/4" x 5 3/8" opened)
circa 1850s, 1860s

single fold with embossed design
Center heart and circle of text are pasted on

no verse or image inside
no marking on the back


 Modesty ~ Be mine Dear Maid, this faithful heart Can never prove untrue; 'Twere easier far, from life to part, Than cease to live for you.

2 7/8" x 3 3/4" (3 3/4" x 5 3/4" opened)
circa 1850s, 1860s

single fold with embossed design
Heart at top and scrap with text 

are pasted on
Verse pasted on interior
no marking on the back


Fans of Love - Valentine Card Fans

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My Heart's with loving wishes and Kindest to my Sweet-heart.

14" x 8 3/4" flat
dated 1911
6-Part Fan

likely by Frances Brundage



Fans have been a popular theme for valentines from the Victorian era through today. This means that the collector must be aware of the many reproductions out there made by companies like the Old Print Factory. These can even appear to have some age as some reproductions were made back in the 1980s (which is longer ago than I usually like to admit to myself). The reproductions I have looked at have the company name printed on the reverse. For this reason, if you find yourself selling your fan valentine on Ebay, it is a good idea to provide an image of the back side as well as of the printed side (and for buyers to request to see such an image prior to purchase). These newer cards do have some value, but it is those made much longer ago that serious collectors really want.

The ribbon that strings the parts of a fan together is usually the first to show wear (another good reason for a good look at the card's reverse). While the original ribbon is of course most desirable, cards whose ribbons have deteriorated still hold good value, with unblemished images being of much greater importance.



Less elaborate fans can also be of interest although they don't command the prices that a many-layered fan can. Our personalized fan below has a fringe trim as popularized by Prang. It is double sided, but with name printed on only one side.


Augustin Corbisier ~ A Token of Affection.

4 1/4" x 2 1/2"
circa 1910
Die-Cut in the shape of a Fan

with blue thread fringe
and personalized name printed on one side

Artist - Margaret G. Hays

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No Text.

4 1/8" x 5 1/2"
dated 1916
Flat

Figure holding an American Flag and Firecrackers with Cherries at her Feet
published by Ernest Nister and EP Dutton
marked: Printed in Bavaria
No 2755
Signed by Margaret G Hays


Margaret Gebbie Hays (1874 - 1925) was the older sister of Grace Drayton (nee Viola Grace Gebbie). The two collaborated on a comic strip titled The Turr'ble Tales of Kaptin Kiddo and other projects, like the book Vegetable Verselets for Humorous Vegetarians, published by J. B. Lippincott in 1911. They also created the Kiddie Land series of books together. Like her sister, Hays created many paper dolls. Postcard collectors look for her paper doll postcards. These featured a doll with a couple of outfits to be cut out from the card.

Hays was a talented writer as well as an illustrator with a variety of published works including an impressive number of books, credited to her name. She was even a song lyricist, writing the words for Her Poke Bonnet, a song with music by Louis Lichtenstein, in 1910. As if that were not enough, she was also a published poet, writing rhyming verse to go with her own illustrations.

My Valentine Polly Pig-tail, dressed in blue, Says she's very fond of you.

4" x 6 1/2"
circa 1910s
Flat

Figure with Large Hat
published by Ernest Nister and EP Dutton
marked: Printed in Bavaria
No 2733
Signed by Margaret G Hays
easel stand on the back

Her career in writing and illustrating began with newspaper comics. Her first work appeared in the Philadelphia Press in 1906. The bulk of her published work appears to date to the 1910s.

Frank A. Hays was the husband of Margaret (nick named Peg). His company, Children's Novelty Co, was a maker of dolls. They produced dolls created by his wife and her famous sister. The patents for the Bobby Bobbykins and Dolly Dollykins dolls both bear his name with a filing date of June 8, 1909.

My Dear Valentine Now I'm dressed in leaves so lucky, We'll get married, won't we, ducky?

4" x 6 1/2"
circa 1910s
Flat

Figure with Large Hat
published by Ernest Nister and EP Dutton
marked: Printed in Bavaria
No 2729
Signed by Margaret G Hays
easel stand on the back


Continuing the family tradition of working in the arts, Frank and Margaret's daughter Mary Hays Huber  was also an illustrator who created valentines among her other works. You can see a card by Huber on our page featuring cats.


My I'll gaily sail Life's stormy sea Dear Valentine If You're with me.

5 1/8" x 4 1/2"
circa 1910s
Figures in a Boat

published by E. H. Fisher
mechanical flat
Signed by Margaret G Hays
easel stand on the back


Your captivating style is such It makes me love you very much My Valentine.

3 7/8" x 5 7/8"
dated 1913
Flat

Figure with Large Hat
published by Ernest Nister and EP Dutton
marked: Printed in Bavaria
No 3054
Signed by Margaret G Hays
easel stand on the back

Your pretty hat, sweet Valentine, Has captured this poor heart of mine.

3 7/8" x 6"
dated 1913
Flat

Figure with Large Hat
published by Ernest Nister and EP Dutton
marked: Printed in Bavaria
No 3055
Signed by Margaret G Hays
easel stand on the back


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Companies Hays is known to have worked with (this list is by no means to be considered complete):


  • Ernest Nister/E P Dutton
  • H. E. Fisher

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Sources:

Little Verses and Big Names, by Stewart Edward White, George H. Doran Co, 1905

Devils - I May be a Little Devil but I'm HOT For You!

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We'd make such a fine pair ~ You and I!

3 3/4" x 3 1/2" (3 1/2" x 7" opened)
circa 1950s
  Single Fold

Devil and Angel
 by A-Meri-Card
made in USA
marked: X-4547

Here's a WARM wish for my Valentine I Love You!

3 5/8" x 3 5/8"
circa 1950s
made by A-Meri-Card

in USA
marked: X-5541



Be my Valentine
I may be a LITTLE DEVIL but ~ I think you're HEAVENLY.

5 3/4" x 5 1/4"
circa 1930s/1940s
Folding Card

made in USA

More Dog Breeds: German Shepherd

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To My Valentine I think you're wonderful.

3 1/4" x 3 3/4"
dated 1932 
Flat
 marked: made in USA

Artist - Jason Freixas

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To My Valentine Greetings Who's afraid of your dog? I was going to give it to you any way.

Postcard
dated 1918
5 1/2" x 3 1/2"
by Gibson Art Company
with Freixas signature


Jason Freixas, like Katharine Gassaway, is another of the much-collected postcard and valentine artists about whom very little is known. It does seem to be a fairly common recurring theme. Perhaps it was a lack of respect for the work of ephemera artists because of its commercial nature? Perhaps just different times with much narrower public interest in the private lives of publicized names? For whatever reason, though he was very successful, selling quite a number of cards, interest in the man himself while he was active was quite limited to non-existent. Such basic information such as birth and death dates are unknown. He is said to be Canadian-American in some sources, but I have not found any concrete information to support this or any particular heritage.


 To my Valentine

2" x 3 7/8"
circa 1910s
smoking cupid
by Jason Freixas
(a few sources spell the last name differently, moving the 'i' to the other side of the 'x': Jason Frexias)
flat
made in Germany

His work for John O. Winsch is probably his most popular, with his Halloween cards for Winsch topping those. There are dimensional cards that combine the artwork of Freixas with another popular Winsch artist, Samuel L. Schmucker. While there are die-cut cards that are said to have been published by Winsch, these do not bear the company name. Only a few of his cards were signed by Freixas.


You Are A Good Catch

9 1/8" x 6 5/8"
circa 1910s, 1920s
by Jason Freixas
flat
no publisher marks

Like many of the card illustrators covered in The Valentine Museum, children were Frexias's main subject. Some of his figures, such as those seen in the Gibson postcard at the top of the page, can bear a remarkable resemblance to the work of Grace Drayton. Careful consideration of the faces, paying great attention to the eyes, can help distinguish between the two artists. 


The Greatest Game of all is Love for there we make a strike, And with a little Valentine, we win the one we like.

6 5/8" x 8 3/4"
circa 1910s, 1920s
by Jason Freixas
flat with stand on back
no publisher marks

Some of the cards to be found with recognizable Frexias children were created by unknown publishers, who lifted bits of work by him and other artists like Frances Brundage, to use in their own cards. Usually the print and paper quality will be diminished on these. This practice, while dubious, was not uncommon among small publishers in the early part of the 19th century.


Come be my little Valentine Through fair and stormy weather, Then we will have a lovely time And ship through life together. Valentine Greeting.

6 5/8" x 5"
circa 1910s
by Jason Freixas
Heart folds back to form stand
no publisher marks

When looking for his work, be aware of the variations on the spelling of his last name out there. I have written it as appears on my signed cards. It is spelled differently, changing the placement of the vowels, in some source books.


 Lovely Maid, I jest can't say what I want to this Valentines Day. You are the only one for me, Forever and a day; I want you for my Valentine And Love will find a way.


6 5/8" x 5"
dated 1917
by Jason Freixas
Heart folds back to form stand
no publisher marks



 A Gift of Love.


2 1/2" x 2 3/4"
circa 1910s
by Jason Freixas
marked: Germany

 Valentine Thoughts.

2 1/4" x 3"
circa 1910s
by Jason Freixas
marked: Germany


 If I can steal this heart of thine I'll have thee for my Valentine.

2 1/4" x 4 5/8"
circa 1910s, 1920s
by Jason Freixas
no publisher's marks


Equal Franchise No Votes No Hearts Votes for Women(on the bench) Sweetheart, I cannot keep away, this love of mine is true; My passion is most marked, Because I have designs on you.

2 1/2" x 2 3/4"
circa 1910s, 1920s
by Jason Freixas
marked: Germany


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Companies Jason Freixas is Known to Have Worked For:
(this list may not be complete)

  • John O. Winch
  • Gibson Art Co
  • Pink of Perfection (Fairman)
  • Gottschalk, Dreyfus and Davis
  • GOM (Gebrueder Obpacher, Muenchen)
  • Stetcher


Maker - S. Bergman

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A Choice Heart to Let not For Sale Inquire of Owner (on sign) To My Valentine, You may not believe this sign to be true That's why I've put it here in full view.

Postcard
circa 1910s
5 1/2" x 3 1/2"
by S. Bergman
divided back
Figure looks similar to those of Ellen Clappsaddle

Maker - Buzza Cardozo

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Yes..I've got a bow around me But it doesn't suit my taste, 'Cause gee! the only Beau I've got Is the one around my waist.

4 1/2" x 6 3/4"
circa 1930s
  Flat with Stand
marked: Buzza Co
MPLS, USA
Pre name change to Buzza-Cardozo in late 1930s

George Earl Buzza (born June 22, 1882) had already been working as a commercial artist when he began making greeting cards in 1909. He started with a set of 24 different designs that have been described as "poster-like" and stood out as unusual in the greeting card market. The company was first called The Buzza Rheem Company, soon changing to The Buzza Company. 

Though he struggled for the first 6 years, eventually his unusual style and high quality won over many fans leading the company to expand from its one-man show origins in 1915. They had of course by then, long ago moved on from the original poster style of the earliest cards, expanding to include a diverse array of cards. C. D. Van Gorder is credited with helping design quite a number of cards after this point. Ralph Nunus Cardozo (b June 14, 1894) who went on to become a partner with Buzza after the sale of the original Buzza company, was with the company in its early years. Other important early figures include artists Lee Mero, Bernice Shaver and Janet Scott.


I want my Sweetie!

3" x 4 5/8"
circa 1930s
  Flat with Stand
marked: The Buzza Co
MPLS, USA

A4145

In 1922 the company obtained exclusive rights to use the writings of "Just Folks" poet, Edgar A. Guest, in its cards and mottos. In addition the company employed J. P. McEvoy as a writer. George Buzza himself continued to contribute his own creativity, including original verse, to the cards his company produced. Another hallmark of the company was the high quality and often unusual colors and textures of the papers used in manufacturing their greetings.

The company moved from Minneapolis, Minnesotta to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s. At the same time they changed their name to Buzza-Cardozo with Ralph Cardozo now a full partner with George Buzza. There are mentions in some sources of the original company being sold with George Buzza planning to retire upon his move to California. Whether this was the intention or not, it was not to become reality, as George instead launched a new endeavor with Ralph Cardozo, who also made the trek from Minnesota to California. The building they had occupied in the Uptown neighborhood of Minneapolis from 1923 remained a design studio for the company after the move, until 1942 when it was acquired by the federal government and used for war-time manufacturing by the Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Company. Still bearing the Buzza name, the building is now listed on the National Registry of Historic Places.

While some sources report the liquidation of the company around World War II, this appears to be jumping the gun. There are copyright entries for the company dating into at least 1964. Gibson purchased Buzza-Cardozo in the early 1950s, so was likely continuing the name for some period after the purchase.

George Buzza passed away in Guatemala on April 11th, 1957 on his way home to Los Angeles after a vacation. Ralph Cardozo passed on January 17, 1965.





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sources:
  • Valentine Treasury - Robert Brenner
  • The Romance of the Greeting Card (1956 revised edition) - Ernest Dudley Chase
  • Obituary of George Buzza, Cedar Rapids Gazzette; April 14, 1957
  • National Register of Historic Places Registration form for the Buzza Building
  • Valentines: A Collector's Guide - Barbara Johnson, Ph. D.
  • Cincinnati Magazine, Aug 1975; Greetings from Gibson, by Carole M. McCarthy; pp 13

Knights in Shining Armor

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To my Valentine I'd love to put an ARM around you!

Knight in Suit of Armour
Flat
made in USA



You're my KNIGHT in shining armor Valentine.

3 1/2" x 5 1/2"
circa 1960s 
 Pop-Up
 marked: CPC
 4504/7
made in USA



May I be your Knight Today?

2 1/4" x 4 1/4"
circa 1950s
 Mechanical Flat
no publisher's marks

On Cloud 9 - Clouds on Valentines

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I'd feel like this if you'd BE MINE Dear Valentine.

4" x 3 3/4"
circa 1940s, 1950s 
 Flat

Cultures and Ethnicity: Asian

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Got a YEN for a velly nice Valentine How about me?

7" x 2"
circa 1960s
 Flat
made in USA

Goofy Gumpus Series - Valentine Card Cryptozoology

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There are at least 2 different versions of the Goofy Gumpus series of mechanical flat valentine cards. The slightly larger version (our top card seen below) is on heavier paper and has a more matte look to its finish than the slightly smaller version (seen below at bottom). Both feature nonsensical animals with 3 different heads and a figure with a sign (Valentine Greetings) seated atop the beast.



Why the funny animal? It's just my funny way Of bringing you my message My greeting for today~ Be My Valentine!

4 5/8" x 5 3/4"
circa 1920s, 1930s 
  Mechanical Flat
  marked: Made in U.S. Amer.



Rise with me the Goofy Gumpus - Tell me you'll be mine; Even if the thing should dump us ~ Be My Valentine!

4 5/8" x 4 3/4"
circa 1920s, 1930s 
  Mechanical Flat
  no publisher's marks

Animals - Deer

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I love you DEER-ly Valentine!

2 3/8" x 5"
circa 1960s 
 Flat
 made in USA




You're a DEER - Be my Valentine.

4 1/2" x 3 1/4"
circa 1950s  
  Flat
  made in USA
 marked 59VK-747-16
card was punched out of a book or set

Cannons - Big Shots in Love

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You're the BIG SHOT in my life, Dear Valentine.

6 1/4" x 4 1/2"
circa 1940s, 1950s
Mechanical Flat
 marked: made in USA
 L-172

To My Valentine.

12 1/8" x 8 5/8" x 2 1/4"
Dimensional Card
Angels with Cannon

5 layers
circa 1900s, 1910s
marked: Germany
features a tissue paper flag emblazoned with a heart
and paper-puff accent in red

perhaps a Frances Brundage

Mossman - Maker of 19th Century Paper Lace Valentine Cards

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Loves Offering

3 7/8" x 5 1/2"
circa 1870s, 1880s 
 Single Fold
 


David Mossman (1825-1901) was an English valentine maker who created lovely paper lace cards dating to the 1860s through at least the 1880s. His paper lace blanks were sometimes purchased by others to finish. There is an example of a card finished by famed valentine collector Jonathan King that resides in the collection of the Museum Of London. I don't know if Howland used any of his blanks. I have read mention of Mossman cards featuring "splendid miniature paintings"* but have not seen any examples of such cards myself. Examples of Mossman cards reside in the collections of several museums.




Our card features fine detailing in the paper lace. The front is adorned with applied Victorian scraps. The interior has a hand written verse:



No other motive has been mine
For sending you this Valentine
Except my friendship to express
And wish you wealth and happiness.
 



*Jonathan King as quoted on p34 of The American Stationer, Volume 68, July 2, 1910
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SOURCES:

Ruth Webb Lee - A History of Valentines, 1952
The American Stationer, Volume 68, July 2, 1910

Publisher Ed. Wolf

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 No Text.

3" x 4 1/2"
dated 1882
Flat
 A Stock Trade Card whose theme and color scheme fits right in with Valentines.



The "Ed. Wolf" in question is likely Edward Wolf of the Wolf Brothers, who went on to form the International Art Publishing Company with brothers Isaac and Gustave, and Samuel Garre of the Art Lithographic Publishing Co., later in the 19th century. That company produced postcards. They are best known for their postcards illustrated by Ellen Clapsaddle.

Items marked by Ed. Wolf are rather rare. I have seen other cards that have had the same dimensions and have been similar in appearance, even having the same 1882 copyright date. Those like this one shown have been the only cards I have seen bearing this publishing name.

Publisher - Ernest Nister/E. P. Dutton

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 My Sweetheart - A little boy may have a heart as big as any man. His love is more than tongue can tell or little arm can span.

3 3/4" x 3 1/2"
circa 1910s
Flat
marked: Ernest Nister, London
E P Dutton and Co, New York
Printed in Bavaria
No 3151


Ernest Nister was a late 19th century/early 20th century German printer  and publisher with offices in Germany, England* and in the USA. He began as a printer in Nuremberg in 1877 and had expanded to London by 1888. By 1889, his move to New York was underway. Nister produced a variety of printed items for sale to all three of those locales resulting in items in German meant for sale in Germany and items in English for either the British or American markets. A deal was struck with E P Dutton to be their exclusive agent for items exported to the USA.** This is why all of the items created for selling in the States bear the Dutton name along with Nister's. In addition to their valentines and other cards, collectors look for their games and especially their charming mechanical books. The company can be credited for several innovations in engineering moving books for which they held patents. Among their many ventures, Nister even produced posters for the London Transport.




My Valentine You're all the world to me ~ Tho' over all the earth you roam And wander far away, The path of love will lead you home, Wherever you may stray; So take it, dear, and you will see How soon 'twill bring you back to me!

3 1/4" x 3 1/4"
circa 1890s
Pop-Up
marked: Ernest Nister, London
E P Dutton and Co, New York
Printed in Bavaria
No 895

Several well-known artists and authors (among these were Constance Wilde aka Mrs. Oscar Wilde, a writer and quite a personality herself who wore daring outfits challenging the acceptable fashions for women of her day) worked for Nister. There are just a few signed examples, however the vast majority do not bear the artist's name despite the stature of some of those artists. However, most if not all of the cards bear his publisher's mark. 

The cards are high quality in design, printing, and in the papers utilized. Clever paper engineering can be seen in several of the cards, as might be expected from the innovator of such imaginative moving books. Items can be found dating from the late 1870s into the 1910s, although any items dating to the 1870s would be from the late part of that decade and any text would almost certainly be in German. The company was a going concern until sometime in 1917, lasting several years beyond the death of it's founder.




My Valentine - A Sweet Pair.

4 3/4" x 4 3/8"
circa 1880s, 1890s
Fold Open
marked: Ernest Nister, London
Printed in Bavaria
No 245


The pear, not the children's faces in the interior, appears on postcard No. 940. Nister often reused images or parts of images in different cards or in books.



Cupid's Minuet ~ I'll always love you, Valentine, If you will promise to be mine.

5 1/4" x 5 1/4"
1904
Standing Fold Out
for Ernest Nister/E P Dutton

I think this is Brundage (but it could be by Harriet M. Bennett - the two artists' work is very similar - who also did quite a bit of illustrating for Nister)

This card, Cupid's Minuet, is mentioned as "one of the best of the offerings" in an article on the new season of valentines that focuses on Nister in Bookseller, Newsdealer and Stationer, Vol 20 pp 55-59 from January 15, 1904. Unfortunately the article doesn't mention the artist's name. 


To My Sweet  Valentine - Cherry Lips, Cherry Lips, will you be mine? I love you and want you for my valentine.

4 1/4" x 4 7/8"
circa 1900s, 1910s
Standing Card with 3-d detailing
Ernest Nister/E P Dutton

marked: No. 3072
I suspect this may be the work of Brundage. The same child with cherry earrings appears on other cards. 


*The offices in 1906 were at 24, 26 and 28 St Bride St, London as announced in British Market Vol 30 Issue 3, July 1906, p27
**The American Stationer, Volume 25, 1889, p1230.

***************************************************
Artists known to have been employed by Nister (this list is a work in progress and should not be considered complete):


************************************************
Sources:


  • The Romance of Greeting Cards, Ernest Dudley Chase; Rust Craft Pub, revised 1956 edition
  • A History of Valentines, Ruth Webb Lee; The Studio Pub,1952 
  • Valentine Treasury, Robert Brenner; Schiffer, 1997
  • Valentines A Collector's Guide, Barbara Johnson, Ph. D.; Collector Books, 2011
  • Oxford Encyclopedia of Children's Literature, Oxford University Press, 2006
  • The Publishers Circular and General Record of British and Foreign Literature, Vol LI, June 1, 1888, p645
  • The Publishers Circular and Booksellers Record of British and Foreign Literature, Vol 12, Issue 65, July to December 1896, p3


Valentine Themed Trade Cards

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Trade cards were very popular in the Victorian era. The advertisements sometimes used symbols associated with different specific holidays (like cupids for Valentine's Day, or rabbits for Easter), or mentioned a holiday directly, as our example for McLaughlin's Coffee, seen below, does.


 St. Valentine's Day Drink McLaughlins XXXX Coffee.

5 3/8" x 6 7/8"
circa 1870s, 1880s
2-Sided Flat
 From a set of 12 cards each featuring a different Holiday.

published by Shober and Carqueville


Shober and Carqueville was formed in 1876 when Charles Shober joined Edward Carqueville in reorganizing the Chicago Lithographic Company after the departure of Louis Kurtz. In the 1880s Shober moved on. After Carqueville's 1896 death it became the Carqueville Lithographic Press until its sale in 1915 to Theodore Schmidt Lithographing Co.



****************************************
Sources:


Industrial Chicago Vol 4, 1894, Godspeed Publishing Co., p 487-488

Swastikas on Valentines

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Valentine's Greetings, Love's Joys, To My Valentine.

10 1/2" x 4"
circa 1910s
2-Piece Hanging Flat
 'E' stamped in blue ink on the back of lower piece.

Ribbon secured with stamps bearing swastikas
marked 'Lucky Star Pat. Pend.'


Prior to the 1930s, the swastika was a symbol present in several different cultures with some variance in meaning, appearing in Asia, Europe and North America. It was greatly popular in the 1900s and 1910s, in the USA often found on New Year's cards and postcards as well as other paper goods and assorted commercial items. It was used as a symbol by the 45th Infantry division of the United States Army. There was flour sold under the Swastika brand as well as the symbol's appearance on several product logos and labels. This changed when the Nazi party, who had adapted it as their own in 1920, rose to prominence in the 1930s. The symbol's original meanings and past popularity still remain overwhelmed by this infamous association.

On valentine cards, its presence is rare, even on cards produced at the height of its popularity. This is the only card I currently have in my collection that bears this symbol. Here it appears on the card back, as an incidental symbol on the stickers used to adhere the ribbon to the cards.




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